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textutils_1_3.LHA
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textutils-1.3
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tac.c
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1992-06-29
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/* tac - concatenate and print files in reverse
Copyright (C) 1988, 1989, 1990, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
any later version.
This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
GNU General Public License for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. */
/* Written by Jay Lepreau (lepreau@cs.utah.edu).
GNU enhancements by David MacKenzie (djm@ai.mit.edu). */
/* Copy each FILE, or the standard input if none are given or when a
FILE name of "-" is encountered, to the standard output with the
order of the records reversed. The records are separated by
instances of a string, or a newline if none is given. By default, the
separator string is attached to the end of the record that it
follows in the file.
Options:
-b, --before The separator is attached to the beginning
of the record that it precedes in the file.
-r, --regex The separator is a regular expression.
-s, --separator=separator Use SEPARATOR as the record separator.
To reverse a file byte by byte, use (in bash, ksh, or sh):
tac -r -s '.\|
' file */
#include <stdio.h>
#include <getopt.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <regex.h>
#include "system.h"
#ifndef STDC_HEADERS
char *malloc ();
char *realloc ();
#endif
/* The number of bytes per atomic read. */
#define INITIAL_READSIZE 8192
/* The number of bytes per atomic write. */
#define WRITESIZE 8192
char *mktemp ();
SIGTYPE cleanup ();
int tac ();
int tac_file ();
int tac_stdin ();
char *xmalloc ();
char *xrealloc ();
void output ();
void error ();
void save_stdin ();
void xwrite ();
/* The name this program was run with. */
char *program_name;
/* The string that separates the records of the file. */
char *separator;
/* If nonzero, print `separator' along with the record preceding it
in the file; otherwise with the record following it. */
int separator_ends_record;
/* 0 if `separator' is to be matched as a regular expression;
otherwise, the length of `separator', used as a sentinel to
stop the search. */
int sentinel_length;
/* The length of a match with `separator'. If `sentinel_length' is 0,
`match_length' is computed every time a match succeeds;
otherwise, it is simply the length of `separator'. */
int match_length;
/* The input buffer. */
char *buffer;
/* The number of bytes to read at once into `buffer'. */
unsigned read_size;
/* The size of `buffer'. This is read_size * 2 + sentinel_length + 2.
The extra 2 bytes allow `past_end' to have a value beyond the
end of `buffer' and `match_start' to run off the front of `buffer'. */
unsigned buffer_size;
/* The compiled regular expression representing `separator'. */
static struct re_pattern_buffer compiled_separator;
struct option longopts[] =
{
{"before", 0, &separator_ends_record, 0},
{"regex", 0, &sentinel_length, 0},
{"separator", 1, NULL, 's'},
{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
};
void
main (argc, argv)
int argc;
char **argv;
{
char *error_message; /* Return value from re_compile_pattern. */
int optc, errors;
int have_read_stdin = 0;
program_name = argv[0];
errors = 0;
separator = "\n";
sentinel_length = 1;
separator_ends_record = 1;
while ((optc = getopt_long (argc, argv, "brs:", longopts, (int *) 0))
!= EOF)
{
switch (optc)
{
case 0:
break;
case 'b':
separator_ends_record = 0;
break;
case 'r':
sentinel_length = 0;
break;
case 's':
separator = optarg;
if (*separator == 0)
error (1, 0, "separator cannot be empty");
break;
default:
fprintf (stderr, "\
Usage: %s [-br] [-s separator] [--before] [--regex] [--separator=separator]\n\
[file...]\n",
program_name);
exit (1);
}
}
if (sentinel_length == 0)
{
compiled_separator.allocated = 100;
compiled_separator.buffer = (unsigned char *)
xmalloc (compiled_separator.allocated);
compiled_separator.fastmap = xmalloc (256);
compiled_separator.translate = 0;
error_message = re_compile_pattern (separator, strlen (separator),
&compiled_separator);
if (error_message)
error (1, 0, "%s", error_message);
}
else
match_length = sentinel_length = strlen (separator);
read_size = INITIAL_READSIZE;
/* A precaution that will probably never be needed. */
while (sentinel_length * 2 >= read_size)
read_size *= 2;
buffer_size = read_size * 2 + sentinel_length + 2;
buffer = xmalloc (buffer_size);
if (sentinel_length)
{
strcpy (buffer, separator);
buffer += sentinel_length;
}
else
++buffer;
if (optind == argc)
{
have_read_stdin = 1;
errors = tac_stdin ();
}
else
for (; optind < argc; ++optind)
{
if (strcmp (argv[optind], "-") == 0)
{
have_read_stdin = 1;
errors |= tac_stdin ();
}
else
errors |= tac_file (argv[optind]);
}
/* Flush the output buffer. */
output ((char *) NULL, (char *) NULL);
if (have_read_stdin && close (0) < 0)
error (1, errno, "-");
if (close (1) < 0)
error (1, errno, "write error");
exit (errors);
}
/* The name of a temporary file containing a copy of pipe input. */
char *tempfile;
/* Print the standard input in reverse, saving it to temporary
file `tempfile' first if it is a pipe.
Return 0 if ok, 1 if an error occurs. */
int
tac_stdin ()
{
/* Previous values of signal handlers. */
SIGTYPE (*sigint) (), (*sighup) (), (*sigterm) ();
int errors;
struct stat stats;
#ifdef _POSIX_VERSION
struct sigaction oldact, newact;
#endif /* _POSIX_VERSION */
/* No tempfile is needed for "tac < file".
Use fstat instead of checking for errno == ESPIPE because
lseek doesn't work on some special files but doesn't return an
error, either. */
if (fstat (0, &stats))
{
error (0, errno, "standard input");
return 1;
}
if (S_ISREG (stats.st_mode))
return tac (0, "standard input");
#ifdef _POSIX_VERSION
newact.sa_handler = cleanup;
sigemptyset (&newact.sa_mask);
newact.sa_flags = 0;
sigaction (SIGINT, NULL, &oldact);
sigint = oldact.sa_handler;
if (sigint != SIG_IGN)
sigaction (SIGINT, &newact, NULL);
sigaction (SIGHUP, NULL, &oldact);
sighup = oldact.sa_handler;
if (sighup != SIG_IGN)
sigaction (SIGHUP, &newact, NULL);
sigaction (SIGTERM, NULL, &oldact);
sigterm = oldact.sa_handler;
if (sigterm != SIG_IGN)
sigaction (SIGTERM, &newact, NULL);
#else /* !_POSIX_VERSION */
sigint = signal (SIGINT, SIG_IGN);
if (sigint != SIG_IGN)
signal (SIGINT, cleanup);
sighup = signal (SIGHUP, SIG_IGN);
if (sighup != SIG_IGN)
signal (SIGHUP, cleanup);
sigterm = signal (SIGTERM, SIG_IGN);
if (sigterm != SIG_IGN)
signal (SIGTERM, cleanup);
#endif /* _POSIX_VERSION */
save_stdin ();
errors = tac_file (tempfile);
unlink (tempfile);
#ifdef _POSIX_VERSION
newact.sa_handler = sigint;
sigaction (SIGINT, &newact, NULL);
newact.sa_handler = sighup;
sigaction (SIGHUP, &newact, NULL);
newact.sa_handler = sigterm;
sigaction (SIGTERM, &newact, NULL);
#else /* !_POSIX_VERSION */
signal (SIGINT, sigint);
signal (SIGHUP, sighup);
signal (SIGTERM, sigterm);
#endif /* _POSIX_VERSION */
return errors;
}
/* Make a copy of the standard input in `tempfile'. */
void
save_stdin ()
{
static char *template = NULL;
static char *tempdir;
int fd;
int bytes_read;
if (template == NULL)
{
tempdir = getenv ("TMPDIR");
if (tempdir == NULL)
tempdir = "/tmp";
template = xmalloc (strlen (tempdir) + 11);
}
sprintf (template, "%s/tacXXXXXX", tempdir);
tempfile = mktemp (template);
fd = creat (tempfile, 0600);
if (fd == -1)
{
error (0, errno, "%s", tempfile);
cleanup ();
}
while ((bytes_read = read (0, buffer, read_size)) > 0)
if (write (fd, buffer, bytes_read) != bytes_read)
{
error (0, errno, "%s", tempfile);
cleanup ();
}
if (close (fd) < 0)
{
error (0, errno, "%s", tempfile);
cleanup ();
}
if (bytes_read == -1)
{
error (0, errno, "read error");
cleanup ();
}
}
/* Print FILE in reverse.
Return 0 if ok, 1 if an error occurs. */
int
tac_file (file)
char *file;
{
int fd, errors;
fd = open (file, 0);
if (fd == -1)
{
error (0, errno, "%s", file);
return 1;
}
errors = tac (fd, file);
if (close (fd) < 0)
{
error (0, errno, "%s", file);
return 1;
}
return errors;
}
/* Print in reverse the file open on descriptor FD for reading FILE.
Return 0 if ok, 1 if an error occurs. */
int
tac (fd, file)
int fd;
char *file;
{
/* Pointer to the location in `buffer' where the search for
the next separator will begin. */
char *match_start;
/* Pointer to one past the rightmost character in `buffer' that
has not been printed yet. */
char *past_end;
unsigned saved_record_size; /* Length of the record growing in `buffer'. */
off_t file_pos; /* Offset in the file of the next read. */
/* Nonzero if `output' has not been called yet for any file.
Only used when the separator is attached to the preceding record. */
int first_time = 1;
char first_char = *separator; /* Speed optimization, non-regexp. */
char *separator1 = separator + 1; /* Speed optimization, non-regexp. */
int match_length1 = match_length - 1; /* Speed optimization, non-regexp. */
struct re_registers regs;
/* Find the size of the input file. */
file_pos = lseek (fd, (off_t) 0, SEEK_END);
if (file_pos < 1)
return 0; /* It's an empty file. */
/* Arrange for the first read to lop off enough to leave the rest of the
file a multiple of `read_size'. Since `read_size' can change, this may
not always hold during the program run, but since it usually will, leave
it here for i/o efficiency (page/sector boundaries and all that).
Note: the efficiency gain has not been verified. */
saved_record_size = file_pos % read_size;
if (saved_record_size == 0)
saved_record_size = read_size;
file_pos -= saved_record_size;
/* `file_pos' now points to the start of the last (probably partial) block
in the input file. */
lseek (fd, file_pos, SEEK_SET);
if (read (fd, buffer, saved_record_size) != saved_record_size)
{
error (0, 1, "%s", file);
return 1;
}
match_start = past_end = buffer + saved_record_size;
/* For non-regexp search, move past impossible positions for a match. */
if (sentinel_length)
match_start -= match_length1;
for (;;)
{
/* Search backward from `match_start' - 1 to `buffer' for a match
with `separator'; for speed, use strncmp if `separator' contains no
metacharacters.
If the match succeeds, set `match_start' to point to the start of
the match and `match_length' to the length of the match.
Otherwise, make `match_start' < `buffer'. */
if (sentinel_length == 0)
{
int i = match_start - buffer;
int ret;
ret = re_search (&compiled_separator, buffer, i, i - 1, -i, ®s);
if (ret == -1)
match_start = buffer - 1;
else if (ret == -2)
{
error (0, 0, "error in regular expression search");
cleanup ();
}
else
{
match_start = buffer + regs.start[0];
match_length = regs.end[0] - regs.start[0];
}
}
else
{
/* `match_length' is constant for non-regexp boundaries. */
while (*--match_start != first_char
|| (match_length1 && strncmp (match_start + 1, separator1,
match_length1)))
/* Do nothing. */ ;
}
/* Check whether we backed off the front of `buffer' without finding
a match for `separator'. */
if (match_start < buffer)
{
if (file_pos == 0)
{
/* Hit the beginning of the file; print the remaining record. */
output (buffer, past_end);
return 0;
}
saved_record_size = past_end - buffer;
if (saved_record_size > read_size)
{
/* `buffer_size' is about twice `read_size', so since
we want to read in another `read_size' bytes before
the data already in `buffer', we need to increase
`buffer_size'. */
char *newbuffer;
int offset = sentinel_length ? sentinel_length : 1;
read_size *= 2;
buffer_size = read_size * 2 + sentinel_length + 2;
newbuffer = xrealloc (buffer - offset, buffer_size) + offset;
/* Adjust the pointers for the new buffer location. */
match_start += newbuffer - buffer;
past_end += newbuffer - buffer;
buffer = newbuffer;
}
/* Back up to the start of the next bufferfull of the file. */
if (file_pos >= read_size)
file_pos -= read_size;
else
{
read_size = file_pos;
file_pos = 0;
}
lseek (fd, file_pos, SEEK_SET);
/* Shift the pending record data right to make room for the new. */
bcopy (buffer, buffer + read_size, saved_record_size);
past_end = buffer + read_size + saved_record_size;
/* For non-regexp searches, avoid unneccessary scanning. */
if (sentinel_length)
match_start = buffer + read_size;
else
match_start = past_end;
if (read (fd, buffer, read_size) != read_size)
{
error (0, errno, "%s", file);
return 1;
}
}
else
{
/* Found a match of `separator'. */
if (separator_ends_record)
{
char *match_end = match_start + match_length;
/* If this match of `separator' isn't at the end of the
file, print the record. */
if (first_time == 0 || match_end != past_end)
output (match_end, past_end);
past_end = match_end;
first_time = 0;
}
else
{
output (match_start, past_end);
past_end = match_start;
}
match_start -= match_length - 1;
}
}
}
/* Print the characters from START to PAST_END - 1.
If START is NULL, just flush the buffer. */
void
output (start, past_end)
char *start;
char *past_end;
{
static char buffer[WRITESIZE];
static int bytes_in_buffer = 0;
int bytes_to_add = past_end - start;
int bytes_available = WRITESIZE - bytes_in_buffer;
if (start == 0)
{
xwrite (1, buffer, bytes_in_buffer);
bytes_in_buffer = 0;
return;
}
/* Write out as many full buffers as possible. */
while (bytes_to_add >= bytes_available)
{
bcopy (start, buffer + bytes_in_buffer, bytes_available);
bytes_to_add -= bytes_available;
start += bytes_available;
xwrite (1, buffer, WRITESIZE);
bytes_in_buffer = 0;
bytes_available = WRITESIZE;
}
bcopy (start, buffer + bytes_in_buffer, bytes_to_add);
bytes_in_buffer += bytes_to_add;
}
SIGTYPE
cleanup ()
{
unlink (tempfile);
exit (1);
}
void
xwrite (desc, buffer, size)
int desc;
char *buffer;
int size;
{
if (write (desc, buffer, size) != size)
{
error (0, errno, "write error");
cleanup ();
}
}
/* Allocate N bytes of memory dynamically, with error checking. */
char *
xmalloc (n)
unsigned n;
{
char *p;
p = malloc (n);
if (p == 0)
{
error (0, 0, "virtual memory exhausted");
cleanup ();
}
return p;
}
/* Change the size of memory area P to N bytes, with error checking. */
char *
xrealloc (p, n)
char *p;
unsigned n;
{
p = realloc (p, n);
if (p == 0)
{
error (0, 0, "virtual memory exhausted");
cleanup ();
}
return p;
}